Mexico: Tense times for friendly neighbors

The News

High-profile meeting amid tensions

Mexican President Felipe Calderón visits his US counterpart, Barack Obama, in Washington. They seek to deepen mutual collaboration.

THE NEWS WIRE SERVICES

President Barack Obama and Mexican President Felipe Calderón met Thursday amid heightened tensions over violence on their shared border, though no major breakthroughs are expected on what’s quickly becoming a defining issue in the relationship between the North American allies.

Seeking to repair damaged relations, they agreed to deepen their cooperation in combating drug violence and declared a breakthrough in efforts to end a long-standing dispute over cross-border trucking.

During a joint news conference at the White House, Obama praised Calderón for his “extraordinary courage” in fighting the violent drug cartels that have been responsible for deaths on both sides of the border. Obama pledged to speed up U.S. aid to train and equip Mexican forces to help in those efforts, but he also acknowledged that the U.S. must stem the flow of cash and guns to Mexico that have aided the cartels.

“Mexico has a full partner with the United States,” Obama said. “Our people have a right to be safe in their communities.”

“We are very mindful that the battle President Calderón is fighting inside of Mexico is not just his battle, it’s also ours,” Obama said. “We have to take responsibility just as he’s taken responsibility.”

Calderón’s visit comes three weeks after U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agent Jaime Zapata was shot to death in northern Mexico with a gun smuggled in from the U.S. The incident raised questions in the U.S. about Mexico’s ability to control violence and has Obama administration officials considering arming U.S. agents working across the border to ensure their safety.

Mexican law bans foreign law enforcement agents working in the country from bearing arms, and Calderón vehemently expressed his opposition to making an exception for U.S. personnel. But he said Zapata’s death showed a need to consider alternative methods for protecting agents.

Calderón offered his condolences to Zapata’s family, and said he would work to bring his killers to justice.

“His death must urge us to work together to ensure a prosperous and peaceful future for our region,” Calderón said. Obama said the U.S. is seeking extradition of several suspects arrested in Mexico in connection with Zapata’s death.

Tensions between the North American allies were already heightened ahead of Zapata’s death. Secret State Department cables released last year revealed a grim assessment by U.S. officials of Mexico’s ability to fight drug cartels, saying the country has limited intelligence-gathering capacity and quoting Calderon as saying politicians could be tempted to return to a tacit policy of tolerating the gangs.

In a show of confidence in Calderón’s efforts, the Obama administration said it would continue to send aid to support Mexico in the drug war. A senior administration official said the U.S. plans to speed up implementation of the US$1.4 billion Merida Initiative, with US$900 million to be doled out by the end of the year. The official spoke on the condition of anonymity.

Calderón last visited the White House in May, at the height of tension over Arizona’s controversial immigration law that makes it a crime to be in the U.S. illegally and requires police to question people about their immigration status if there’s reason to suspect they are in the country illegally. Mexican officials strongly oppose the law, as does Obama, who told Calderon on Thursday that he’s still committed to comprehensive immigration reform, saying it was vital to the U.S. economy.

Eager to show signs of productive partnership, Obama and Calderón agreed to a phased-in plan that would authorize both Mexican and U.S. long-haul carriers to engage in cross-border operations provided the Mexican trucks meet U.S. safety standards. Both countries were given this authority under the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), but the U.S. has refused to allow Mexican trucks access amid concerns over their ability to meet stringent U.S. safety and environmental standards.

Mexico has placed higher tariffs on dozens of U.S. products in response to the unresolved dispute. Under the proposed agreement, Mexico will agree to lift those tariffs in phases, with all tariffs lifted once the first Mexican carrier receives authorization to travel on U.S. roads.

Negotiating teams, which are still working out details of the plan, are expected to send an agreement to Congress this spring.

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